![]() ![]() E.g., this from an article by Edwin Rios, senior reporter at the Guardian US: But I've noticed that even British publications with a US edition use spaced en dashes, such as The Guardian. I suspect those that use an em dash for British audiences either do so unknowingly, or have a particularly international audience. To my eyes, they make a text look American – they imbue the text with an American accent, if you will. Have you got any examples? I don't have any hard data, but as a British designer with 30 years' experience, I would judge that it is a minority of companies and people in the UK that use em dashes. Many companies and people in the UK do use em dashes. If there isn't one, then pick the one you like-or make up your own style sheet from a combination of style guides. As with other aspects of style, pick the style guide that is being used by your audience. So, it should not be thought of as definitive. (But also note that the use of the en dash recommended in the last two categories-without a surrounding space-does match the use of the en dash recommended by most US style guides.)īut that is only one of the common style guides used in the UK-and many companies and people in the UK do use em dashes. Note that the guidance here to not use the em dash goes against the guidance of most US-based style guides. Use between names of joint authors/creators/performers etc to distinguish from hyphenated names of a single person. ✔ Radio 1 is aimed at the 18–25 age bracket. Use to link concepts or ranges of numbers, with no spaces either side. ✔ The bus was late today – we nearly missed the lecture. Use singly and surrounded by spaces to link two parts of a sentence, in place of a colon. ✔ The library – which was built in the seventeenth century – needs to be repaired. ✔ It was – as far as I could tell – the only example of its kind. Use in a pair in place of round brackets or commas, surrounded by spaces. Having said that, it's generally been the case that more British style guides will say to not use an em dash but, where US style would use an em dash, to use an en dash that's surrounded by spaces.įrom the University of Oxford Style Guide (PDF), page 13: Different style guides, and different people, will use dashes in different ways. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2006.This is a matter of style, so it's not possible to give a definitive answer on what the correct use is. Empire and Apocalypse: Postcolonialism and the New Testament. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2010. The Bible in Theory: Critical and Postcritical Essays. Three em dashes are used in bibliographies to indicate that subsequent entries are written by the same author or authors. When possible, use commas or parenthesis instead.Ĥ. “I know who you are-the Holy One of God!”Įm dashes can be visually distracting and should be used sparingly. Em dashes are used to indicate asides ( CMS §§6.82–89). Note, however, that SBLHS style always includes all digits in displays of years (e.g., 1970–1975, not 1970–75).ģ. Instead, use to or and:įor rules governing the proper abbreviation of numbers, see SBLHS §§4.2.4–7 and CMS §9.58–63. En dashes are used to indicate ranges, especially those in dates, verses, and pages ( CMS §§6.78–80).Īs CMS §6.78 states, the en dash should never be used if the word from or between precedes the first element of a pair. Hyphens are used to separate compound words and numbers ( CMS §§6.76–77).įor rules concerning the use of hyphens with compound words, see SBLHS §4.3.2.2 and, in more detail, CMS §§7.77–85.Ģ. The CMS FAQ on the topic explains the differences between the three as follows: a hyphen connects “two things that are intimately connected” an en dash connects “things that are related to each other by distance” an em dash is used to indicate an “additional thought” or as “substitute for something missing.” In practical terms, the distinctions are as follows:ġ. As noted in SBLHS 2 §2.1.3.4, authors should distinguish between hyphens (-), en dashes (–), and em dashes (-). ![]()
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